The Tallis Scholars were formed in 1973 by British musicologist and conductor Paul Hillier. The ensemble's primary focus was the performance of Renaissance-era polyphony, with a specific emphasis on the music of Thomas Tallis. Initially, the group concentrated on Tallis's compositions, including the Palestrina Masses: Missa Brevis and The Tallis Scholars Sing Thomas Tallis. Later, they expanded their repertoire to encompass works by other composers, such as William Byrd, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, and Orlando di Lasso.

The Tallis Scholars are renowned for their exceptional vocal technique, precision, and sensitivity to the historical context of the music. Their performances often feature a cappella singing, without instrumental accompaniment, which underscores the intricate textures and harmonies of the Renaissance period. The ensemble has released numerous critically acclaimed albums, including The Three Masses and Palestrina Masses, showcasing their mastery of the repertoire. Throughout their career, the Tallis Scholars have collaborated with prominent conductors, such as Stephen Cleobury and Philippe Herreweghe.

The ensemble's commitment to exploring the nuances of Renaissance polyphony has led to numerous performances and recordings of lesser-known compositions. By doing so, they have contributed significantly to the revival of interest in this era of music. The Tallis Scholars continue to perform and record, providing audiences with opportunities to experience the beauty and complexity of Renaissance-era music.